Heart failure

Diagnosis and treatment

  1. Symptoms and signs of heart failure
  2. Acute heart failure with cardiogenic shock
  3. Acute heart failure without shock
  4. Chronic congestive heart failure
  5. Treatment
  6. Pharmaceuticals
  7. Scores
  8. ESC recommandations

Treatment

  1. Treatment of acute heart failure with shock
  2. Treatment of acute heart failure without shock
  3. Treatment of chronic heart failure

Treatment of acute heart failure without shock

CPAP/VNI as PCO2 (contra-indicated if: shock, vomiting, agitation, neurological disorders).

  • Furosemide (Lasix) 20-40 mg bolus i.v. to be repeated every 15 min. (target diuresis 0.5ml/kg/h).
  • Nitroglycérine (Isoket).
    • If BP ≥ 180 mmHg: 2 mg bolus then 1-8 mg / h continuous infusion. Increase of 1mg / h toues 3-5 min. Maximum dose: 10 mg / h.  - If 110 ≤ BP ≤ 180 mmHg: 1-8 mg / hr by continuous infusion. Increase of 1 mg / h every 3-5 min. Maximum dose: 10 mg / h.
  • Morphine 2 mg i.v. to repeat if necessary.